For parents navigating the complex world of learning differences, studies continue to illuminate an important aspect of dyslexia that goes beyond reading and spelling challenges—how it also significantly influences math skills. It's crucial to understand that dyslexia affects a wide range of learning processes, including those involved in math, shedding light on why some children might struggle with numbers and calculations. Dyslexia, primarily known for affecting reading and writing skills, can impact a student's ability to process mathematical problems, particularly those that involve written instructions or complex word problems.
Children with dyslexia may also find it hard to remember basic math facts, like multiplication tables, or to follow through complex arithmetic procedures. They might also have trouble with concepts like left and right, which can impact their ability to solve math problems correctly. However, these challenges vary greatly among individuals. Remarkably, some kids with dyslexia show exceptional skills in math, highlighting the diverse ways dyslexia affects learning.
The term "dyscalculia" has traditionally been used to label specific difficulties with math. Yet, recent discussions suggest these math struggles might be closely linked to dyslexia itself. This insight is leading to a rethink of how we approach learning difficulties, merging the gap between dyslexia and dyscalculia. It suggests a shared foundation in the challenges with processing language and memory.
For parents, the emerging narrative stresses the importance of tailored educational strategies. Rather than focusing on memorization, which can be daunting for kids with dyslexia, embracing hands-on learning experiences and understanding the concepts behind math problems can be far more beneficial. This approach not only aids in mastering math but also reinforces the idea that with the right support, these children can overcome their challenges.
The current wave of research invites us to adopt a broader perspective on dyslexia, recognizing its impact on a wide spectrum of learning areas, including math. It encourages us to move beyond conventional labels, towards more empathetic and holistic support for affected children. Understanding that dyslexia encompasses a range of learning experiences allows us to seek out and advocate for teaching methods that cater to the child's unique needs, ensuring they have the tools and confidence to thrive.
From recent studies, there are several key points that parents of children with dyslexia, and language disorders should be aware of:
Early and Persistent Challenges: Studies show that children with dyslexia face significant challenges in reading and math from a young age. These difficulties tend to persist over time, highlighting the importance of early detection and intervention.
Impact of Comorbid Conditions: For children experiencing dyslexia, the challenges are even greater. These students perform lower academically compared to those with a single condition or typical development, indicating the need for targeted support that addresses both disorders.
Limited Access to Specialized Support: Despite the clear academic impact, many children with dyslexia are not receiving specialized support services.
The Importance of Advocacy: Current research findings emphasize the need for parents to advocate for their children's educational needs. Understanding your child's rights to educational support and being proactive in seeking assessments and interventions can make a significant difference.
Time Accommodations and Dyslexia: Supporting Math Learning
What if my child with dyslexia requires extra time for math work?
If a student with dyslexia requires extra time for math work, there are several steps and considerations to ensure they receive the necessary accommodations to support their learning needs.
Here's how to approach the situation:
1. Documentation and Diagnosis
Comprehensive Evaluation: The first step is to have a comprehensive evaluation that documents the student's dyslexia and any other learning challenges that may affect their mathematical abilities. This evaluation should be conducted by a qualified professional.
Specific Recommendations: The evaluation should include specific recommendations for accommodations, such as extra time for math work, based on the student's individual needs.
2. Legal Framework and School Policies
Understand the legal framework and school policies regarding accommodations for students with disabilities. In the U.S., this might involve provisions under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act, or the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).
Photo by Pawel Czerwinski on Unsplash School Collaboration: Work collaboratively with the school to ensure they understand the student's specific needs. Provide them with the documentation of dyslexia and the professional's recommendations for extra time on math work.
3. Implementation of Accommodations
504 Plan or IEP: For students in schools under jurisdictions like the U.S., accommodations such as extra time are typically formalized in a 504 Plan or an Individualized Education Program (IEP). Ensure that the need for extra time in math is clearly stated in this document.
Consistent Communication: Maintain open lines of communication with the school and the student's teachers to monitor the effectiveness of the accommodation and make adjustments as necessary.
4. Support Strategies
Instructional Strategies: Alongside accommodations, explore instructional strategies that can support the student's learning in math, such as the use of visual aids, breaking down complex problems into simpler steps, or using math software that can read text aloud.
Skill Building: Work on building the student's skills in areas that dyslexia may affect, such as reading comprehension, which can indirectly improve their ability to understand math problems.
5. Advocacy and Self-Advocacy
Parental Advocacy: Parents can advocate for their child by ensuring the school provides the necessary accommodations and supports.
Teaching Self-Advocacy: As the student grows, teaching them to advocate for themselves and to understand their rights to accommodations is crucial for their success in education and beyond.
Accommodating a student with dyslexia in math by providing extra time is a multilayered process that involves understanding the student's specific needs, legal entitlements to accommodations, and effective collaboration with educational professionals. By addressing these needs comprehensively, students with dyslexia can achieve their full potential in math and other academic areas.
For parents, this reinforces the importance of being vigilant about your child’s development and educational progress. If you notice difficulties in reading, comprehension, or math, it's essential to seek evaluations and support early. Advocate for your child within the school system and explore available resources to support their learning needs. Remember, you are not alone, and we are here ready to offer guidance and support.
References
Duff, D. M., Hendricks, A. E., Fitton, L., & Adlof, S. M. (2023). Reading and Math Achievement in Children With Dyslexia, Developmental Language Disorder, or Typical Development: Achievement Gaps Persist From Second Through Fourth Grades. Journal of learning disabilities, 56(5), 371–391. https://doi.org/10.1177/00222194221105515.
Pedemonte, B., Pereira, C.W., Borghesani, V. et al. Profiles of mathematical deficits in children with dyslexia. npj Sci. Learn. 9, 7 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-024-00217-x.